Driven by global competition, new technologies and a deeper understanding of internal processes, advanced logistics solutions have largely dominated the operation of today's automated factories, and a new era of internal logistics is emerging. As the most important role in the era of internal logistics, AGV (Unmanned Vehicle) directly promotes the rapid development of the industry.
The key technologies of AGV are mainly embodied in the four aspects of the vehicle body, vehicle control, navigation technology and dispatching system, and the navigation technology can ensure that the AGV car can accurately drive to the location and heading of the target point. With the widespread application of AGV, the development of AGV car navigation technology has attracted great attention from the industry. The current mainstream navigation methods include electromagnetic navigation, tape navigation, two-dimensional code navigation, laser navigation, etc.
1.Electromagnetic navigation
Electromagnetic navigation is one of the more traditional and widely used navigation methods. It embeds a metal wire on the driving path of the AGV, and loads the guiding frequency on the metal wire, and realizes the navigation of the AGV by identifying the guiding frequency.
Advantages: The guide wire is concealed, not easy to be polluted and damaged, the guiding principle is simple and reliable, easy to control communication, no interference to sound and light, and the investment cost is lower than that of laser navigation;
Disadvantages: It is troublesome to change or expand the path, and it is relatively difficult to lay the guide wire.
2.Tape navigation
Magnetic stripe navigation technology is similar to electromagnetic navigation. The difference is that it uses a magnetic strip on the road instead of burying a metal wire under the ground, and realizes guidance through magnetic stripe induction signals.
Advantages: tape navigation AGV has accurate positioning, better navigation flexibility, easier to change or expand the path, tape laying is relatively simple, the guiding principle is simple and reliable, easy to control communication, no interference to sound and light, and low cost;
Disadvantages: The tape needs to be maintained, and severely damaged tapes must be replaced in time, but the tape replacement is simple and convenient.
3.QR code navigation
According to the vehicle-mounted camera scanning the ground two-dimensional code information, according to the two-dimensional code information and the direction to locate and determine the attributes of the location, such as the shelf station, the pick-up station, the charging station, the high/low speed path, etc., the control system according to the task and other vehicles The location in the system is routed and navigated.
Advantages: low hardware cost; short installation time; QR code is convenient for maintenance;
Disadvantages: physical transformation of the warehouse and customized shelves are required. Some applications require special warehouse design, regular maintenance, and certain requirements for the flatness of the site.
4.Laser navigation
4.1Reflector navigation
The reflector laser navigation is to install a precise laser reflector around the AGV's driving path. The AGV emits a laser beam while collecting the laser beam reflected by the reflector to determine its current position and direction, and through continuous triangular geometry Operation to realize the navigation of AGV.
Advantages: accurate positioning of the reflector laser navigation AGV, no other positioning facilities are needed on the ground; the driving path can be flexibly changed; it can operate in a dark environment
Disadvantages: The laser reflector has a high cost, and there can be no obstacles between the reflector and the AGV laser sensor, and it is not suitable for occasions where there is logistics impact in the air.
4.2SLAM navigation
Through the observation of the scene by lidar, real-time maps are created and the robot position is corrected , without the need for manual placement of markers such as QR codes, ribbons, and magnetic strips, and truly zero transformation of the working environment. On the other hand, the real-time detection of obstacles by lidar can effectively plan the trajectory to avoid obstacles, and improve the applicability and safety of human-machine hybrid scenarios.
Advantages: real-time mapping and positioning, high positioning accuracy, greater flexibility than other navigation methods, no need for other positioning facilities and environmental modification, and strong ability to process dynamic scenes;
Disadvantages: Relatively high manufacturing cost.
In summary, each navigation method has its own advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of tape navigation are: economical and easy for consumers to install, the disadvantage is that the magnetic force is easily affected by other magnets and cannot drive normally; the advantages of QR code navigation are: ：It is easy to lay and change the path, easy to control, high accuracy, but the disadvantage is that it is easy to be crushed and needs frequent replacement and maintenance; the advantages of laser navigation are: high positioning accuracy, no other positioning facilities, but the disadvantage is high cost.
On the whole, laser navigation is more competitive and will become the focus and trend of my country's AGV navigation technology. At present, SLAM navigation has become the research and development direction of many AGV manufacturers. It is more flexible than other navigation methods and is more accurate in positioning. However, the manufacturing cost of laser navigation is high, and it has requirements for the environment such as external light, ground requirements, and visibility requirements. Relatively high, this is also a technical difficulty that many manufacturers are committed to solving.
For navigation technology,Bin Tong BITO is one of a number of earlier studies focused on natural anti-free laser SLAM core technology of a small number of enterprises, and through years of accumulated research and development, the introduction of the core product BSLAM (BITO SLAM) system solutions, with respect to the general SLAM within the industry With high cost and high technical difficulties for outdoor environment, BITO has been down-to-earth to overcome the difficulties and launched the BSLAM system V1.0 version.
What is the BSLAM system (BITO SLAM system)?
Bintong Laser BSLAM system is a product that combines software and hardware with natural mirrorless, real-time mapping and positioning functions launched for the mobile robot market. It is independently developed based on the extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm and multi-sensor information fusion technology. It has sensitive environmental perception and excellent multi-environment adaptability, stable map construction, and highly robust dynamic and high-precision positioning technology features. It has the characteristics of simple installation, convenient use, and rich configuration. It can provide maps for all types of robots & Positioning service to meet the development needs of the robot market.
What are the functions of the BSLAM system?
Web UI: friendly interactive interface and convenient operation
Interface display diagram
Mapping management: high-precision mapping of complex indoor and outdoor environments
Construct a 2D map (part of the surrounding map of the Zizhu Park in Minhang, Shanghai)
Construct a 3D map (part of the surrounding map of the Zizhu Park in Minhang, Shanghai)
Map management: the map can be rotated, translated, stitched, etc.
Positioning management:
Real-time, efficient and dynamic feedback precise positioning information
Positioning can be started at any point
Status monitoring: Provide a variety of status information displays such as sensors and hardware status, allowing users to understand the product status in real time
What are the advantages of the BSLAM system?
Centimeter precision positioning
Indoor positioning accuracy Average positioning accuracy: ≤3cm
Outdoor positioning accuracy Average positioning accuracy: ≤6cm
100,000 square meters level super map building ability
3D construction area: 100,000 square meters
2D mapping area: million square meters
High-precision, high-quality rich mapping effects
Good positioning effect (within 30% of the allowed map area change)
Location adaptability environment change rate: ≤30%
Repeat positioning accuracy ±10mm
Rich application scenarios
Simple operation and convenient use
Flexible customization
Strong adaptability
Mature technology, low barriers to use
low cost
Where can the BSLAM system be used?
Warehousing and logistics, electronic information, automobiles and auto parts, electric power, semiconductors, medicine, clothing, new energy and other fields
Warehouse Logistics
digital information
Automobile and auto parts
electricity
semiconductor
medicine
new energy
